NHA Certifications Phlebotomy-Technician 問題集 練習問題・模擬試験｜日本語版＆英語版対応

Explanation: After the last tube has filled, the phlebotomist must complete the venipuncture termination sequence safely. The correct action from the choices is to withdraw the needle from the puncture site. In routine venipuncture, the tourniquet is released before needle removal, then the needle is withdrawn smoothly, the safety device is activated, and pressure is applied with clean gauze or cotton only after the needle is out. Applying cotton while the needle is still inserted can cause the needle to cut or traumatize the vein. Cleaning the site with antiseptic occurs before puncture, not after collection. A warm compress is not part of routine completion; it may be used only for selected complications or difficult venous access before collection. The NHA CPT outline specifically includes standard tourniquet removal, needle removal, safety-device use, post-procedural care, and bandaging as routine blood collection competencies. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; removing tourniquet, tubes, and needle; post-procedural patient care

Explanation: The vein is anchored by placing the thumb of the free hand below the intended puncture site and gently pulling the skin taut. This stabilizes the vein, reduces rolling, creates a firmer puncture surface, and supports accurate needle entry. Anchoring above the site is unsafe because it places the phlebotomist’s hand in the direction of needle travel and increases needlestick risk. Using two fingers instead of the thumb provides less controlled traction and may interfere with the venipuncture angle or contaminate the prepared site. The phlebotomist should avoid touching the cleansed puncture site after antisepsis unless the site is re-cleansed. Proper anchoring is especially important for superficial or mobile veins because failure to stabilize the vein can cause missed access, hematoma formation, probing, patient discomfort, or specimen collection failure. The NHA CPT outline identifies anchoring the vein below the venipuncture site and knowledge of anchoring techniques as routine venipuncture competencies. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; site selection; anchoring below venipuncture site; venous anatomy and safe insertion technique.

Explanation: Before collecting an outpatient specimen, the phlebotomist must review the requisition to confirm what test is ordered and what specimen requirements apply. Specimen requirements include tube type, additive, minimum volume, handling conditions, fasting status, timing, temperature, light protection, and whether the specimen requires special processing or transport. This step prevents preanalytical errors such as collecting the wrong tube, insufficient volume, wrong timing, or improperly handled specimens. Medications and allergies can be clinically relevant during patient interview, but they are not the primary item reviewed on the requisition for collection accuracy unless the test requirement specifically involves medication timing or patient compliance. Insurance authorization is administrative and should not drive the technical collection step. The requisition is the controlling document for collection, because it links patient identification, ordering provider, diagnosis or test code, test priority, and ordered tests. The NHA CPT outline includes obtaining, reviewing, and verifying orders or requisitions, confirming testing requirements, and understanding requisition field requirements. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; requisition review; testing requirements; specimen requirements; outpatient collection workflow.